Sheikh-ul-islam: Ibn Taymiyyah
Taqi ad-Din Abu l-Abbās Ahmad ibn Abdul Ḥalim ibn Abdus Salam ibn Abdullah ibn al-Khidr ibn Muhammad ibn al-Khidr ibn Ali ibn Abdullah ibn Taymiyyah al-Harrani most commonly known as Ibn Taymiyyah was a renowed scholar of Islam to such an extent that the Scholars would say that in any subject in Islam whether it was Fiqh, Aqeedah, Tafseer, basically anything you would thing specialized in that field, he was the ultimate reference for any subject in Islam.
Biography
5 years before the birth of Ibn Taymiyyah Baghdad was ransacked and ravaged by the Tartars (Mongols). So Ibn Taymiyyah's family fled to Damascus because of the oppresion of the Tartars. So Ibn Taymiyyah was born on the 10th of Rabiul-Awal in 666 A.H in Haran (modern day Turkey). Due to him moving this made him hate oppression, but also made him a courages man at the same time.
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Acquiring Knowledge
He stood out the most in acquiring knowledge so much so that the scholars would say that in any since in Islam that he talks or writes about, you would thing that it was his specility, because he specialized in everything. Whether it was Fiqh, Aqeedah, Tafseer, Hadith. Luqah, History, etc.... he was the ultimate reference to refer to.
Conflicts with Deviant scholars
The Sheikh wrote a treaty called "Al-Hamawiyah"in 698 because he got a question from Hama about the issues in Aqeedah regarding the attributes of Allah. He was also asked to explain it in a few public gatherings in Damacus. But there were jeolous scholars who thought negatively about him and attempted to make the deputy turn against him, but they failed.
He eventually went to egypt and people in Egypt back then were fascinated by philosophy and were interested in people like Aristotle, Socrates, Plato and others and they started to introduce this into the religion of Islam especially in the field of Aqeedah. So during this time the Muslim ummah (community) was going through tough times in terms of the Aqeedah (creed), And the scholars over there hated him even more, because of the truth he destroyed them with.
Unfortunately in Egypt they succeeded and he was brought for interegation in Cairo, and then imprisoned. But then fortunately an air prince interveined on his behalf and was allowed to stay in Cairo and he established classes there until his enemies feared his influence on the population and so the deputy exiled him back to Syria.
Unfortunately in Egypt they succeeded and he was brought for interegation in Cairo, and then imprisoned. But then fortunately an air prince interveined on his behalf and was allowed to stay in Cairo and he established classes there until his enemies feared his influence on the population and so the deputy exiled him back to Syria.
As he was embarking on his journey they reimprisoned him him while he was going back to Syria. When he was in the prison he found the prisoners playing cards and basically wasting time there, and has left there Salah. So he rebuked them very strongly by telling them to fear Allah and reminded them of there obligation.
Then he started teaching classes in prisons to such an extent that he turned the prison into a university. His inmates loved him so much that when there time ended and they were allowed to go, they actually stayed because they did not want to leave the company of Sheikh-ul-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah.
Then he started teaching classes in prisons to such an extent that he turned the prison into a university. His inmates loved him so much that when there time ended and they were allowed to go, they actually stayed because they did not want to leave the company of Sheikh-ul-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah.
So they again feared his influence and so they sent him to another prison in Alexandria until the self-exiled Sultan Muhammad bin Qalawun returned in triumph and brough the Sheikh back to Cairo, in a gathering were many scholars, princes and various elite men were there. So the Sultan toke him to the side and told him that amongst the people in the gathering there are people who caused you to to go to prison, so the Sultan asked Ibn Taymiyyah permission to punish them for there wrong acts. But Sheikh-ul-Islam refused and actually forgave them!
COnflicts with the Mongols
He returned back to Damascus with Egyptian Soldiers who had been dispatched to block the attack of the Mongols.
Conflict with the Deviant Sects
His opponents would not leave him alone, especially when he issued a fatwa (verdict) against the impermissibilty of going to the graves and since most of the Sufis loved going to the graves and basically did everything there and some even worshiped the graves themselves! So obviously due to this they didn't like the Fatwa, so the Sufis insighted the ruler to imprison him.
Ibn Taymiyyah was imprisoned in Damascus and remained there authoring many books on Tafseer, Fiqh and on multiple sciences of Islam, until they deprived him of having Ink, Paper, Materials, etc.... Then he died in the prison in 728 AH.
Ibn Taymiyyah was imprisoned in Damascus and remained there authoring many books on Tafseer, Fiqh and on multiple sciences of Islam, until they deprived him of having Ink, Paper, Materials, etc.... Then he died in the prison in 728 AH.
Legacy
Every single scholar cannot study the sciences of Islam without going through something realated or authored by Ibn Taymiyyah. And those so called "scholars" that hate and go against him are the deviants such as the Ashari, Sufi, Mutazila, Rafidah, Maturidah, etc....